Hip Joint Coxarthrosis is a complex process of degenerative-dystrophic nature.The disease has a fairly broad clinical picture and is mainly characteristic of people over 40 years of age, but it can also be diagnosed at a younger age, especially in children and adolescents.
Often, the reason for the development of hip joint roughness is the presence of various types of trauma and inflammation, lack of treatment or insufficient treatment.
There are several degrees of degenerative-dystrophic processes, each of which requires a certain direction of complex therapeutic treatment methods.
What is hip joint roughness?
KOXarthrosis or osteoarthrosis / Deforming Artry is a complex pathological disease of the largest joint of the human body, accompanied by progressive destruction of osteochondral tissue.The development process is gradual.
Late diagnosis, as well as the lack of proper treatment, lead to the deformation of adjacent bone surfaces and the appearance of bone growths on them, which limit mobility and interfere with normal human life.
Statistics show that this type of disease occurs in 12% of cases of diagnosis of pathology of the musculoskeletal system.
Causes of coxarthrosis
Today, it is customary to distinguish two types of codrosis of the hip joint:
- The primordial, the occurrence is inexplicable;
- Moderate, to develop against the background of other existing diseases.
With primary cokarthrosis, positive pelection pathologies of the musculoskeletal system are often observed, many with osteochondrosis of different parts of the spine.
The most likely causes include:
- pathologies of the development of the musculoskeletal system (dysplasia);
- Aseptic necrosis of joint tissues;
- infectious lesion;
- Inflammatory and infectious diseases;
- injuries.
Risk factors
Among the factors that increase the risk of hip joint roughness, it is customary to highlight:
- systematically increasing loads;
- Poor circulation in joint tissues;
- hormonal changes;
- metabolic disorders;
- natural aging;
- quite active lifestyle.
It is worth paying attention that coxarthrosis itself is not inherited;Therefore, people with such a diagnosis do not have a genetic predisposition to it;However, the manifestation of a hereditary factor can be observed as other features of the body's activity that disrupt the development of pathology.Features of this type include metabolic disorders, a special structure of the musculoskeletal system, as well as joint tissue weakness.
Coxarthrosis rates
Degenerative-dystrophic disease, like any other pathology, has degrees of development.There are only three types of coxarthrosis, each of which is characterized by the presence of certain changes.
Coxarthrosis 1st degree
With coxarthrosis of the 1st degree, a relatively moderate decrease in the joint space is accompanied by the growth of bone tissue on the entire surface of the joint.
There are no pathological changes on the surfaces of the femur.
Coxarthrosis 2nd degree
With Class 2 Coxarthrosis, the space between the articular bones narrows significantly, which is 50% less than the generally accepted indicator.Pathological processes lead to the displacement of the femur accompanied by deformation of its head, it increases significantly in size and is covered with numerous irregularities along the contour.
During the developmental stage, bony growths appear on all surfaces of the acetabulum, not limited to cartilage.
Coxarthrosis grade 3
Grade 3 coxarthrosis is characterized by a sharp deviation in functional indicators, as well as a strong decrease in the space between the bones of the joint.In addition, there is an expansion of the femoral head, as well as a large number of bony growths.
Symptoms of coxarthrosis
The key, constant symptom of the disease is pain of varying severity.The detailed symptomatic picture is determined by the intensity of the development of pathological processes.
Coxarthrosis of the 1st degree includes the presence of symptoms such as:
- systematic pain caused by physical activity of varying intensity;
- Localization of unpleasant and painful sensations in the hip / knee area.
2nd degree coxarthrosis is expressed by the following symptoms:
- moderate intensity of pain that often manifests itself at rest;
- pain, spreading pain to the groin area;
- formation of the mind after various types of exercise;
- Reduction in the range of available movements (restriction of the ability to skip ranges to the side).
The following symptoms are observed with 3rd degree coxarthrosis:
- constant, unbearable pain at any time of the day;
- The need to use a cane to move around;
- limitation of motor function, reduction of muscle volume and shortening of the length of the lower part;
- bend the torso.
Diagnosis of the disease
The initial diagnosis was made based on the patient's complaints, as well as the results of the visual examination and collected medical history.
To identify a disease such as coxarthrosis, diagnostic procedures, determining clinical signs and studying information from additional studies, including radiography, are the key.
X-ray for coxarthrosis allows you to establish the indifference of pathological processes and determine the cause of its occurrence.In particular, based on the results of the X-ray examination, the attending physician can determine the injuries.
Among other instrumental diagnostic methods, the following are used:
- CT (Computed tomography) - allows creating a detailed picture of the pathology;
- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) - allows to assess the extent of soft tissue damage.
It is also worth noting the existence of a differential diagnosis, which includes the exclusion of pathological processes such as gonarthrosis and osteochondrosis of the spine.
Laboratory tests are also an integral part of complex diagnostics, which includes the following.
- a general blood and urine test to determine the patient's health status;
- Biochemical blood test to identify pathological conditions.
Treatment of hip joint stiffness
An orthopedic surgeon diagnoses and prescribes a treatment plan.Treatment tactics are formed according to the following information:
- Expression rate;
- the form of the disease;
- reason for development;
- the presence of symptoms.
Today, there are several effective directions in the treatment of kobudrosis.Let's look at each one in more detail.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy treatment of a patient includes the appointment of procedures such as:
- magnetic therapy;
- laser therapy;
- Uhf therapy;
- UV radiation;
- shock wave therapy.
All the physiotherapeutic techniques used improve blood circulation, activate metabolic processes and, of course, accelerate tissue regeneration.
Drug treatment of coxarthrosis
Treatment of coccyx with the help of a hip involves the use of such tools:
- muscle currents;
- NSAIDs;
- vasodilators;
- pain relievers;
- corticosteroids;
- Chondroprotectors.
A particularly important group of drugs in the treatment of pathology are chondroprotectors, which promote tissue regeneration.
Therapeutic exercise (physical therapy)
Therapeutic physical education classes are one of the most effective methods of complex treatment.
A series of exercises is developed by a medical specialist according to the diagnostic results and the current level of physical fitness of the patient.
Massage
Therapeutic treatment of coxarthrosis includes the use of various types of massage:
- classic;
- point;
- vacuum.
If there are no contraindications, after several sessions the patient will improve blood circulation in the joint area and the supply of nutrients required by his tissues will be replenished.
Participating in massage sessions helps to strengthen and restore the soft tissues of the joint.
Surgical intervention for coxarthrosis
The lack of effectiveness of conservative treatment is resorted to radical methods of treatment of pathology.
Continuous progression of pathological processes is a direct indication for surgical intervention.Today, two types of operations are performed:
- Arthroplasty - removal of the femoral head from the acetabulum with subsequent correction of changes in joint tissue;
- Endoprosthetics - Implant installation.
The pathological condition of the surgical patient is class 3, which implies the impossibility of eliminating destructive changes of the articular tissues.
Prognosis and possible complications
Only stage 1 degenerative-dystrophic disease is amenable to successful conservative treatment.In other cases, except for the installation of an endoprosthesis, one cannot talk about the complete restoration of the functional activity of the HIP joint.
In the absence of treatment, at the last stage of the development of pathological processes, the patient develops limited mobility of the flexion-type joint, which makes it impossible to move due to a constantly bent limb.
After complete integration, the patient is unable to independently solve everyday problems, and the condition of a disabled person is determined.
Preventive measures
Preventive measures can be used to prevent the occurrence of pathological processes, as well as to prevent the progression of the disease during remission.
Prevention of coxarthrosis includes:
- maintain a balanced diet;
- systematic sports;
- maintaining a healthy lifestyle that gives up bad habits;
- body weight control;
- Systematic preventive examination and timely treatment of various diseases.
Remember that your health is only in your hands.Keep it in optimal condition and enjoy a full life!